Note-taking is part of most adults´ daily lives. We take down notes before going to the supermarket, when planning a holiday, or in a job meeting. What is more, note taking gains an even more strategic significance in academic spheres. In order to succeed academically, students need to take detailed notes of their teachers´ explanations. However, note-taking instruction in schools and colleges seems to be non-existent. This book explores the benefits of taking down notes, and it provides a framework for note-taking training. An experimental study is fully described to analyze the impact of note-taking instruction on information recall after listening to lectures in a foreign language. The implications of the results offer more evidence on the need to include the teaching of note-taking strategies in academic curricula.